Kirinyaga University College Application Form – 2022 Intake

1. The experts feel one can control one’s stress because

2. Dry spells could be very severe. There are two aspects of coping with drought. One has to do with emergency measures and the other with…

3.  The girl’s father was astounded to see her appear from the shrine

4. choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options. The stressed syllables are written in capital letter(s)

captivity

5. The politician was sent……. Exile

6. choose the option that rhymes with the given word

Seer

7. measures. An immediate consequence of any drought would be famine.

In addition, where whole populations are forced to abandon their lands or pastures in search of food, there are bound to be other lasting and …

8. the word in capital letters has the emphatic. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates

Taiwo SAILED to London

9. In each of questions 86 to 88, choose the option that has the same Vowel sound as the one represented by the letters underlined.

Roared

10. This is an abridged version of No Longer at Ease

11. His father surmounted the
myriad of obstacles on his way

12. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

Though Mr. Iro is a new chairman, he views other members with jaundiced eye.

13. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

It was good to steer a middle course in whatever one does.

14. The man was happy that his son confessed his guilt and so the others were……

15. The report of the committee contained a plethora of details

16. choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by letter(s) underlined

Sheath

17. The captain says sports is being debased by commercial sponsorship

18. COMPREHENSION: Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follow it

PASSAGE I

One of the interesting things to me about spaceship is that it is a mechanical vehicle, just as an automobile. If you own a car, you realize that you must put oil and gas into it, and you must put water in the radiator and take care of the care as a whole.

You begin to develop quite a little thermodynamic sense. You know that you are either going to have to keep the machine in a good order or it is going to be in trouble and fail to function.

We have not been seeing our Spaceship Earth as an integrally designed machine which to be persistently successful, must be comprehended and serviced in total.

Now      there     is                             one        outstanding important                   fact                        regarding Spaceship Earth, and this is that no instruction book came with it. I think it is very significant that there is no instruction book, for successfully operating of our ship, in view of the infinite attention to all other details displayed by our ship.

It must be taken as deliberate and purposeful that an instruction book was omitted. Lack of instruction has forces us to find out that there are two kinds of mangoes – unripe mangoes that will kill us and ripped mangoes which will nourish us.

And we had to find out ways of telling which-was-which mangoes before we ate it or otherwise we would die. So we were forced, because of this to devise scientific experimental procedures and to interpret effectively the significance of the experimental

findings. Thus, because the instruction manual was missing, we are learning how we can safely survive on the planet.

Quite clearly, all living being are utterly helpless at the moment of birth. The        human  child       stays helpless longer that the young of any species.

Apparently, it is part of ‘invention’ that man is meant to be utterly helpless through certain anthropological phases. When he begins to be able to get on a little better, he is meant to discover some of the physical principles inherent in the universe as well as the many recourses around him which will further multiply his knowledge.

Designed into this Spaceship Earth’s total wealth was a big safety factor. This allowed man to be very ignorant for a long time until he had amassed enough experiences from which to extract

progressively the system of generalized principles governing increase of energy. The design omission of the instruction book forced man to discover retrospectively just what his most important capabilities are.

He learned to generalize fundamental principles of universe.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School 2, Onitsha: AFP

The writer’s   mood   in   the passage is that of

19. The teacher said that Ali’s essay was full of many redundant details

20. consequences such as distress, sales of cattle by livestock owners in order to buy food. Government should provide farmers with agricultural inputs and ensure that they have easy access to these inputs under the relief …

21. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

22. In each of questions 86 to 88, choose the option that has the same Vowel sound as the one represented by the letters underlined.

Coup

23.  The panacea for a country’s economic mess lies in systematic planning and hardwork

24. He can recall the important dates in the nation’s history, it is interesting to listen as he rattles……

25. Last Monday his father asked me ……..

26. The new trade agreement should facilitate………

27. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

The woman was mournful as her husband was found dead drunk

28. Western education is one of the….. of colonial rule.

29.  The trader was amused by the cut-throat rush for the goods

30. The weather was still very heavy and sultry

31. Lemoti……… as a painter, but also as a sculptor

32. he crowd was very receptive to the speaker’s suggestion

33. for all citizens, starting from the peasant farmers to the state and federal governments which may be plunged into emergency and crises situations which, if not successfully …

34. choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by letter(s) underlined

Of course

35. Beneath Ado’s guff exterior, he’s really very kind-hearted

36. Her ingenuous smile drew our attention

37. the word in capital letters has the emphatic. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates

My bag is made of LEATHER

38. A wide range of options ……..made available to students in the final year last year

39. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

People are not interested in who rules.

40.  A political Impasse does not offer the best opportunity for merrymaking

41. Ugo is eligible for the post of secretary

The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25.
Immediately following each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.

42. is usually accompanied by a number of unpleasant developments. These developments have …

43. choose the option that rhymes with the given word

Boys

44. choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options. The stressed syllables are written in capital letter(s)

Satisfactory

45. choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options. The stressed syllables are written in capital letter(s)

Political

46. When we looked up, we…….. the plane some miles away

47. Long after everyone the hall, obi still sat inside.

48. choose the option that rhymes with the given word

Shine

49. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

The footballers moved with their tails between their legs.

50. Kaltume crouched over the paper on her desk

51.  Aisha seems to feel ambivalent about her future

52. Thousands of workers have been victims of retrenchment since the military came back to power

53. We were all enthusiastic as we awaited the result of the election

54.  I am optimistic about the interview though it was a mind- bending exercise

55. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

As regards the matter, we have crossed the rubicon

56. There are many indicators with which to assess or measure corruption. One of them is the affluent living habit of the public official compared to his / her income.

Corruption occurs when a public official expects to be induced to perform an act which that public officials is ordinarily required to do by law.

Corruption can slow down development. One of the most widely discussed consequences of corruption is the distortion of governmental expenditure. This often results in public money being wasted on white elephant projects, rather than people oriented services, such as health and education.

As a result, more opportunities are presented for corrupt use or diversion of funds. Raising the

ethical standard of governance can lead to many benefits especially for the economic, political and social development of a country.

Fighting corruption and promoting governance is therefore crucial to developing an environment that facilitates the social, political and economic development of the people.

However, while there are often general statement made about the effect of corruption on poverty and development. There is not an explicit recognition that corruption is more than just wealth misappropriation or abuse of power.

Corruption impoverishes countries and deprives their citizens of good governance. It destabilizes economic systems. When crime and other illegal activities flourish, basic public functions are eroded and the quality of life of the

people is reduced. Bribery, for example, is universally regarded as a crime, but it also reflects socio-economic problems that require broad-based preventive measures, and the involvement of the society at large.

Another implication of global measures against corruption in making government work better by improving the economy.

Finally, redesigning political and regulatory structures will reduce corruption and other anti-system players that encourage corrupt practice.

Which of the following is an indication of ethical standard of governance?

57. The timeliness of the onset of the rains in various regions of the country and their adequate distribution thereafter have become …

58.  The law is often tardy in reacting to changing attitude

59. There are many indicators with which to assess or measure corruption. One of them is the affluent living habit of the public official compared to his / her income.

Corruption occurs when a public official expects to be induced to perform an act which that public officials is ordinarily required to do by law.

Corruption can slow down development. One of the most widely discussed consequences of corruption is the distortion of governmental expenditure. This often results in public money being wasted on white elephant projects, rather than people oriented services, such as health and education.

As a result, more opportunities are presented for corrupt use or diversion of funds. Raising the

ethical standard of governance can lead to many benefits especially for the economic, political and social development of a country.

Fighting corruption and promoting governance is therefore crucial to developing an environment that facilitates the social, political and economic development of the people.

However, while there are often general statement made about the effect of corruption on poverty and development. There is not an explicit recognition that corruption is more than just wealth misappropriation or abuse of power.

Corruption impoverishes countries and deprives their citizens of good governance. It destabilizes economic systems. When crime and other illegal activities flourish, basic public functions are eroded and the quality of life of the

people is reduced. Bribery, for example, is universally regarded as a crime, but it also reflects socio-economic problems that require broad-based preventive measures, and the involvement of the society at large.

Another implication of global measures against corruption in making government work better by improving the economy.

Finally, redesigning political and regulatory structures will reduce corruption and other anti-system players that encourage corrupt practice.

Who, according to the writer should prevent corruption?

60. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

The headmaster managed to talk his way out of having to give a speech

61.  Ugo is eligible for the post of secretary

62. the word in capital letters has the emphatic. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates

EMEKA finished his home work yesterday

63. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

 As debutants in that tournament, the Super Eagles were up against their first opponents by three goals to nill

64.  Vital….. is still spread word of mouth in most villages in Africa

65. Ada gave her husband a look that made words superfluous

66. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

Uche is full of himself

67. Her reputation is without a blemish

68. There are many indicators with which to assess or measure corruption. One of them is the affluent living habit of the public official compared to his / her income.

Corruption occurs when a public official expects to be induced to perform an act which that public officials is ordinarily required to do by law.

Corruption can slow down development. One of the most widely discussed consequences of corruption is the distortion of governmental expenditure. This often results in public money being wasted on white elephant projects, rather than people oriented services, such as health and education.

As a result, more opportunities are presented for corrupt use or diversion of funds. Raising the

ethical standard of governance can lead to many benefits especially for the economic, political and social development of a country.

Fighting corruption and promoting governance is therefore crucial to developing an environment that facilitates the social, political and economic development of the people.

However, while there are often general statement made about the effect of corruption on poverty and development. There is not an explicit recognition that corruption is more than just wealth misappropriation or abuse of power.

Corruption impoverishes countries and deprives their citizens of good governance. It destabilizes economic systems. When crime and other illegal activities flourish, basic public functions are eroded and the quality of life of the

people is reduced. Bribery, for example, is universally regarded as a crime, but it also reflects socio-economic problems that require broad-based preventive measures, and the involvement of the society at large.

Another implication of global measures against corruption in making government work better by improving the economy.

Finally, redesigning political and regulatory structures will reduce corruption and other anti-system players that encourage corrupt practice.

According to the writer, corruption is triggered off by

69. The boy told his mother ……..

70. The essence of fighting corruption, according to the passage, is to

71. The uniform makes the guards look absurd

72. There are many indicators with which to assess or measure corruption. One of them is the affluent living habit of the public official compared to his / her income.

Corruption occurs when a public official expects to be induced to perform an act which that public officials is ordinarily required to do by law.

Corruption can slow down development. One of the most widely discussed consequences of corruption is the distortion of governmental expenditure. This often results in public money being wasted on white elephant projects, rather than people oriented services, such as health and education.

As a result, more opportunities are presented for corrupt use or diversion of funds. Raising the

ethical standard of governance can lead to many benefits especially for the economic, political and social development of a country.

Fighting corruption and promoting governance is therefore crucial to developing an environment that facilitates the social, political and economic development of the people.

However, while there are often general statement made about the effect of corruption on poverty and development. There is not an explicit recognition that corruption is more than just wealth misappropriation or abuse of power.

Corruption impoverishes countries and deprives their citizens of good governance. It destabilizes economic systems. When crime and other illegal activities flourish, basic public functions are eroded and the quality of life of the

people is reduced. Bribery, for example, is universally regarded as a crime, but it also reflects socio-economic problems that require broad-based preventive measures, and the involvement of the society at large.

Another implication of global measures against corruption in making government work better by improving the economy.

Finally, redesigning political and regulatory structures will reduce corruption and other anti-system players that encourage corrupt practice.

From the passage, one of the consequences of corruption is that

73. Since large areas of the country are drought prone, the consequences are …

74. The principal gave his speech offhand at the sports meeting

75. The principal said that he was pleased……… my effort.

76. The federal government has…… child trafficking

77. Isa and llu ate sumptuous meal on their brother’s wedding day

78. According to the passage, the major step in controlling stress is

79. Ndeni gave a flawless speech at the party

80. The fact, however, is that periodic reduction in normal …

81. choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by letter(s) underlined

High

82. Paper is made……. Wood pulp

83. The director’s remark was extremely apposite to the issue being discussed

84. In each of questions 86 to 88, choose the option that has the same Vowel sound as the one represented by the letters underlined.

Indict

85. COMPREHENSION: Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follow it

PASSAGE I

One of the interesting things to me about spaceship is that it is a mechanical vehicle, just as an automobile. If you own a car, you realize that you must put oil and gas into it, and you must put water in the radiator and take care of the care as a whole.

You begin to develop quite a little thermodynamic sense. You know that you are either going to have to keep the machine in a good order or it is going to be in trouble and fail to function.

We have not been seeing our Spaceship Earth as an integrally designed machine which to be persistently successful, must be comprehended and serviced in total.

Now      there     is                             one        outstanding important                   fact                        regarding Spaceship Earth, and this is that no instruction book came with it. I think it is very significant that there is no instruction book, for successfully operating of our ship, in view of the infinite attention to all other details displayed by our ship.

It must be taken as deliberate and purposeful that an instruction book was omitted. Lack of instruction has forces us to find out that there are two kinds of mangoes – unripe mangoes that will kill us and ripped mangoes which will nourish us.

And we had to find out ways of telling which-was-which mangoes before we ate it or otherwise we would die. So we were forced, because of this to devise scientific experimental procedures and to interpret effectively the significance of the experimental

findings. Thus, because the instruction manual was missing, we are learning how we can safely survive on the planet.

Quite clearly, all living being are utterly helpless at the moment of birth. The        human  child       stays helpless longer that the young of any species.

Apparently, it is part of ‘invention’ that man is meant to be utterly helpless through certain anthropological phases. When he begins to be able to get on a little better, he is meant to discover some of the physical principles inherent in the universe as well as the many recourses around him which will further multiply his knowledge.

Designed into this Spaceship Earth’s total wealth was a big safety factor. This allowed man to be very ignorant for a long time until he had amassed enough experiences from which to extract

progressively the system of generalized principles governing increase of energy. The design omission of the instruction book forced man to discover retrospectively just what his most important capabilities are.

He learned to generalize fundamental principles of universe.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School 2, Onitsha: AFP

The absence   of   instruction manual in Spaceship Earth has

86. Jankoli was dressed in an old assortment of clothes

87.  Governing a country is not always as straightforward as people sometimes imagine

88. His wife was badly injured in the fracas, but I think she will pull…….

89. PASSAGE II

Stress is by far the most common cause of ill health in our society, and may be the underlying cause of as many as 70-80% of all visits to family doctors. It is also the problem that every doctor shares with patients.

Experts note that stress is an issue everyone can relate to experimentally. In studying and better understanding about stress, we can derive personal as well as professional benefits.

Stress can be overcome without undergoing duress.    They                  often say anyone who wants to help someone deal with his/her stress should learn to handle his/hers first. The manifestations of stress are legion. It can contribute or

This document is licensed only to John Afangideh and was sent to smartjohnene@gmail.com. Sensitive payment details is attached to this document. Please do not share this document. This material was purchased at www.pastquestionsforum.com

mimic just about any symptom you can think of. However, the main symptoms are physical, mental, emotional and behavioural.

The causes of stress are multiple and varied but they can be classified into external and internal. External stressors can include relatively getting sick or dying, jobs being lost or people criticising or one becoming angry. However, most of the stress people experience is self- generated.

Experts tell us that we create the majority of our upset indicating that because we cause most of our own stress, we can do something about it. This gives us a measure of choice and control that we do not always have when outside forces acts on us. This also leads to a basic premise about stress reduction.

To   master   stress-change,   you have to figure out what you are doing that is contributing to your problem and         change              it.  These changes   fall          into  behaviour, thinking, lifestyle choices and / or situations you are in. By getting to the root cause of your stress, you can prevent recurrences.

As a way of draining off stress energy, nothing beats aerobic exercise. To understand why, we need to review what stress is. People often think of stress as pressure at work, a demanding boss, a sick child or rush-hour traffic.

These may be triggers but stress is actually the body reaction to factors such as these. Stress is the fight-or-flight response in the body, mediated be adrenaline and other stress hormones, and comprised such physiologic changes as increased in heart rate and blood pressure, faster breathing, muscle tension, dilated

This document is licensed only to John Afangideh and was sent to smartjohnene@gmail.com. Sensitive payment details is attached to this document. Please do not share this document. This material was purchased at www.pastquestionsforum.com

pupils, dry mouth and increased blood sugar. In order word, stress is the state of increased arousal necessary for an organism to defend itself at a time of danger.

Exercise is the most logical way to dissipate the excess energy. It is what our bodies are trying to do when we pace around or tap our legs and fingers. It is much better to channel it into a more complete form of exercise like a brisk walk, a run, a bike ride, or a game of squash.

Just as we are all capable of mounting up and sustaining a stress reaction, we have also inherited the ability to put our bodies into a state of deep relaxation called the ‘relaxation

response’.

In this state, all the physiologic events in the stress reaction are reversed.    Pulse    slows,   blood pressure   falls, breathing slows and muscle relax.

Adopted    from    VANGUARD, 19TH March, 2008

The expression, … stress is an issue everybody can relate to experimentally, means that

90. From the passage, it can be deduced that stress is

91. Emergency measures will be much more …

92.  One of the women who …….. in the premises ……. been ordered to quit

93. Many people would always find reasons to……the law

94. There was a general acquiescence on the new drug law

95. Based on the facts before me, I have no alternative…… to hold you responsible

The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25.
Immediately following each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.

96. Drought is a word that invokes strong emotions. This is not surprising as the … 

1. There are many indicators with which to assess or measure corruption. One of them is the affluent living habit of the public official compared to his / her income.

Corruption occurs when a public official expects to be induced to perform an act which that public officials is ordinarily required to do by law.

Corruption can slow down development. One of the most widely discussed consequences of corruption is the distortion of governmental expenditure. This often results in public money being wasted on white elephant projects, rather than people oriented services, such as health and education.

As a result, more opportunities are presented for corrupt use or diversion of funds. Raising the

ethical standard of governance can lead to many benefits especially for the economic, political and social development of a country.

Fighting corruption and promoting governance is therefore crucial to developing an environment that facilitates the social, political and economic development of the people.

However, while there are often general statement made about the effect of corruption on poverty and development. There is not an explicit recognition that corruption is more than just wealth misappropriation or abuse of power.

Corruption impoverishes countries and deprives their citizens of good governance. It destabilizes economic systems. When crime and other illegal activities flourish, basic public functions are eroded and the quality of life of the

people is reduced. Bribery, for example, is universally regarded as a crime, but it also reflects socio-economic problems that require broad-based preventive measures, and the involvement of the society at large.

Another implication of global measures against corruption in making government work better by improving the economy.

Finally, redesigning political and regulatory structures will reduce corruption and other anti-system players that encourage corrupt practice.

Which of the following is an indication of ethical standard of governance?

2. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

The woman was mournful as her husband was found dead drunk

3.  Aisha seems to feel ambivalent about her future

4. Based on the facts before me, I have no alternative…… to hold you responsible

5. His wife was badly injured in the fracas, but I think she will pull…….

6. choose the option that rhymes with the given word

Seer

7. he crowd was very receptive to the speaker’s suggestion

8. The man was happy that his son confessed his guilt and so the others were……

9. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

The headmaster managed to talk his way out of having to give a speech

10.  Vital….. is still spread word of mouth in most villages in Africa

11. There are many indicators with which to assess or measure corruption. One of them is the affluent living habit of the public official compared to his / her income.

Corruption occurs when a public official expects to be induced to perform an act which that public officials is ordinarily required to do by law.

Corruption can slow down development. One of the most widely discussed consequences of corruption is the distortion of governmental expenditure. This often results in public money being wasted on white elephant projects, rather than people oriented services, such as health and education.

As a result, more opportunities are presented for corrupt use or diversion of funds. Raising the

ethical standard of governance can lead to many benefits especially for the economic, political and social development of a country.

Fighting corruption and promoting governance is therefore crucial to developing an environment that facilitates the social, political and economic development of the people.

However, while there are often general statement made about the effect of corruption on poverty and development. There is not an explicit recognition that corruption is more than just wealth misappropriation or abuse of power.

Corruption impoverishes countries and deprives their citizens of good governance. It destabilizes economic systems. When crime and other illegal activities flourish, basic public functions are eroded and the quality of life of the

people is reduced. Bribery, for example, is universally regarded as a crime, but it also reflects socio-economic problems that require broad-based preventive measures, and the involvement of the society at large.

Another implication of global measures against corruption in making government work better by improving the economy.

Finally, redesigning political and regulatory structures will reduce corruption and other anti-system players that encourage corrupt practice.

From the passage, one of the consequences of corruption is that

12. consequences such as distress, sales of cattle by livestock owners in order to buy food. Government should provide farmers with agricultural inputs and ensure that they have easy access to these inputs under the relief …

13. When we looked up, we…….. the plane some miles away

14. choose the option that rhymes with the given word

Shine

15. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

Uche is full of himself

16. choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by letter(s) underlined

Sheath

17. the word in capital letters has the emphatic. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates

My bag is made of LEATHER

18. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

As regards the matter, we have crossed the rubicon

19. the word in capital letters has the emphatic. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates

Taiwo SAILED to London

20. choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by letter(s) underlined

Of course

21. Many people would always find reasons to……the law

22. A wide range of options ……..made available to students in the final year last year

23. In each of questions 86 to 88, choose the option that has the same Vowel sound as the one represented by the letters underlined.

Coup

24. PASSAGE II

Stress is by far the most common cause of ill health in our society, and may be the underlying cause of as many as 70-80% of all visits to family doctors. It is also the problem that every doctor shares with patients.

Experts note that stress is an issue everyone can relate to experimentally. In studying and better understanding about stress, we can derive personal as well as professional benefits.

Stress can be overcome without undergoing duress.    They                  often say anyone who wants to help someone deal with his/her stress should learn to handle his/hers first. The manifestations of stress are legion. It can contribute or

This document is licensed only to John Afangideh and was sent to smartjohnene@gmail.com. Sensitive payment details is attached to this document. Please do not share this document. This material was purchased at www.pastquestionsforum.com

mimic just about any symptom you can think of. However, the main symptoms are physical, mental, emotional and behavioural.

The causes of stress are multiple and varied but they can be classified into external and internal. External stressors can include relatively getting sick or dying, jobs being lost or people criticising or one becoming angry. However, most of the stress people experience is self- generated.

Experts tell us that we create the majority of our upset indicating that because we cause most of our own stress, we can do something about it. This gives us a measure of choice and control that we do not always have when outside forces acts on us. This also leads to a basic premise about stress reduction.

To   master   stress-change,   you have to figure out what you are doing that is contributing to your problem and         change              it.  These changes   fall          into  behaviour, thinking, lifestyle choices and / or situations you are in. By getting to the root cause of your stress, you can prevent recurrences.

As a way of draining off stress energy, nothing beats aerobic exercise. To understand why, we need to review what stress is. People often think of stress as pressure at work, a demanding boss, a sick child or rush-hour traffic.

These may be triggers but stress is actually the body reaction to factors such as these. Stress is the fight-or-flight response in the body, mediated be adrenaline and other stress hormones, and comprised such physiologic changes as increased in heart rate and blood pressure, faster breathing, muscle tension, dilated

This document is licensed only to John Afangideh and was sent to smartjohnene@gmail.com. Sensitive payment details is attached to this document. Please do not share this document. This material was purchased at www.pastquestionsforum.com

pupils, dry mouth and increased blood sugar. In order word, stress is the state of increased arousal necessary for an organism to defend itself at a time of danger.

Exercise is the most logical way to dissipate the excess energy. It is what our bodies are trying to do when we pace around or tap our legs and fingers. It is much better to channel it into a more complete form of exercise like a brisk walk, a run, a bike ride, or a game of squash.

Just as we are all capable of mounting up and sustaining a stress reaction, we have also inherited the ability to put our bodies into a state of deep relaxation called the ‘relaxation

response’.

In this state, all the physiologic events in the stress reaction are reversed.    Pulse    slows,   blood pressure   falls, breathing slows and muscle relax.

Adopted    from    VANGUARD, 19TH March, 2008

The expression, … stress is an issue everybody can relate to experimentally, means that

25. Isa and llu ate sumptuous meal on their brother’s wedding day

The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25.
Immediately following each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.

26. Drought is a word that invokes strong emotions. This is not surprising as the … 

27. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

The footballers moved with their tails between their legs.

28. Western education is one of the….. of colonial rule.

29. The weather was still very heavy and sultry

30. The federal government has…… child trafficking

31. There are many indicators with which to assess or measure corruption. One of them is the affluent living habit of the public official compared to his / her income.

Corruption occurs when a public official expects to be induced to perform an act which that public officials is ordinarily required to do by law.

Corruption can slow down development. One of the most widely discussed consequences of corruption is the distortion of governmental expenditure. This often results in public money being wasted on white elephant projects, rather than people oriented services, such as health and education.

As a result, more opportunities are presented for corrupt use or diversion of funds. Raising the

ethical standard of governance can lead to many benefits especially for the economic, political and social development of a country.

Fighting corruption and promoting governance is therefore crucial to developing an environment that facilitates the social, political and economic development of the people.

However, while there are often general statement made about the effect of corruption on poverty and development. There is not an explicit recognition that corruption is more than just wealth misappropriation or abuse of power.

Corruption impoverishes countries and deprives their citizens of good governance. It destabilizes economic systems. When crime and other illegal activities flourish, basic public functions are eroded and the quality of life of the

people is reduced. Bribery, for example, is universally regarded as a crime, but it also reflects socio-economic problems that require broad-based preventive measures, and the involvement of the society at large.

Another implication of global measures against corruption in making government work better by improving the economy.

Finally, redesigning political and regulatory structures will reduce corruption and other anti-system players that encourage corrupt practice.

According to the writer, corruption is triggered off by

32. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

Though Mr. Iro is a new chairman, he views other members with jaundiced eye.

33. Beneath Ado’s guff exterior, he’s really very kind-hearted

34. choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options. The stressed syllables are written in capital letter(s)

captivity

35. Lemoti……… as a painter, but also as a sculptor

36. choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by letter(s) underlined

High

37.  I am optimistic about the interview though it was a mind- bending exercise

38. Her ingenuous smile drew our attention

39. The fact, however, is that periodic reduction in normal …

40. The timeliness of the onset of the rains in various regions of the country and their adequate distribution thereafter have become …

41. Dry spells could be very severe. There are two aspects of coping with drought. One has to do with emergency measures and the other with…

42. COMPREHENSION: Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follow it

PASSAGE I

One of the interesting things to me about spaceship is that it is a mechanical vehicle, just as an automobile. If you own a car, you realize that you must put oil and gas into it, and you must put water in the radiator and take care of the care as a whole.

You begin to develop quite a little thermodynamic sense. You know that you are either going to have to keep the machine in a good order or it is going to be in trouble and fail to function.

We have not been seeing our Spaceship Earth as an integrally designed machine which to be persistently successful, must be comprehended and serviced in total.

Now      there     is                             one        outstanding important                   fact                        regarding Spaceship Earth, and this is that no instruction book came with it. I think it is very significant that there is no instruction book, for successfully operating of our ship, in view of the infinite attention to all other details displayed by our ship.

It must be taken as deliberate and purposeful that an instruction book was omitted. Lack of instruction has forces us to find out that there are two kinds of mangoes – unripe mangoes that will kill us and ripped mangoes which will nourish us.

And we had to find out ways of telling which-was-which mangoes before we ate it or otherwise we would die. So we were forced, because of this to devise scientific experimental procedures and to interpret effectively the significance of the experimental

findings. Thus, because the instruction manual was missing, we are learning how we can safely survive on the planet.

Quite clearly, all living being are utterly helpless at the moment of birth. The        human  child       stays helpless longer that the young of any species.

Apparently, it is part of ‘invention’ that man is meant to be utterly helpless through certain anthropological phases. When he begins to be able to get on a little better, he is meant to discover some of the physical principles inherent in the universe as well as the many recourses around him which will further multiply his knowledge.

Designed into this Spaceship Earth’s total wealth was a big safety factor. This allowed man to be very ignorant for a long time until he had amassed enough experiences from which to extract

progressively the system of generalized principles governing increase of energy. The design omission of the instruction book forced man to discover retrospectively just what his most important capabilities are.

He learned to generalize fundamental principles of universe.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School 2, Onitsha: AFP

The writer’s   mood   in   the passage is that of

43. measures. An immediate consequence of any drought would be famine.

In addition, where whole populations are forced to abandon their lands or pastures in search of food, there are bound to be other lasting and …

44. This is an abridged version of No Longer at Ease

45. There are many indicators with which to assess or measure corruption. One of them is the affluent living habit of the public official compared to his / her income.

Corruption occurs when a public official expects to be induced to perform an act which that public officials is ordinarily required to do by law.

Corruption can slow down development. One of the most widely discussed consequences of corruption is the distortion of governmental expenditure. This often results in public money being wasted on white elephant projects, rather than people oriented services, such as health and education.

As a result, more opportunities are presented for corrupt use or diversion of funds. Raising the

ethical standard of governance can lead to many benefits especially for the economic, political and social development of a country.

Fighting corruption and promoting governance is therefore crucial to developing an environment that facilitates the social, political and economic development of the people.

However, while there are often general statement made about the effect of corruption on poverty and development. There is not an explicit recognition that corruption is more than just wealth misappropriation or abuse of power.

Corruption impoverishes countries and deprives their citizens of good governance. It destabilizes economic systems. When crime and other illegal activities flourish, basic public functions are eroded and the quality of life of the

people is reduced. Bribery, for example, is universally regarded as a crime, but it also reflects socio-economic problems that require broad-based preventive measures, and the involvement of the society at large.

Another implication of global measures against corruption in making government work better by improving the economy.

Finally, redesigning political and regulatory structures will reduce corruption and other anti-system players that encourage corrupt practice.

Who, according to the writer should prevent corruption?

46. The uniform makes the guards look absurd

47. the word in capital letters has the emphatic. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates

EMEKA finished his home work yesterday

48. Emergency measures will be much more …

49. The captain says sports is being debased by commercial sponsorship

50. The politician was sent……. Exile

51. Last Monday his father asked me ……..

52. The teacher said that Ali’s essay was full of many redundant details

53.  The law is often tardy in reacting to changing attitude

54. Thousands of workers have been victims of retrenchment since the military came back to power

55.  One of the women who …….. in the premises ……. been ordered to quit

56. choose the option that rhymes with the given word

Boys

57.  The panacea for a country’s economic mess lies in systematic planning and hardwork

58. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

People are not interested in who rules.

59. The essence of fighting corruption, according to the passage, is to

60. choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options. The stressed syllables are written in capital letter(s)

Satisfactory

61.  A political Impasse does not offer the best opportunity for merrymaking

62. There was a general acquiescence on the new drug law

63. The director’s remark was extremely apposite to the issue being discussed

64. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

65. In each of questions 86 to 88, choose the option that has the same Vowel sound as the one represented by the letters underlined.

Indict

66. Kaltume crouched over the paper on her desk

67. Her reputation is without a blemish

68.  The girl’s father was astounded to see her appear from the shrine

69. Since large areas of the country are drought prone, the consequences are …

70. if a mechanism is established to ensure adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Adapted from Oluikpe, B.O.A. et al (2005) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School, Onitsha: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms.

 As debutants in that tournament, the Super Eagles were up against their first opponents by three goals to nill

71. Paper is made……. Wood pulp

72. In each of questions 86 to 88, choose the option that has the same Vowel sound as the one represented by the letters underlined.

Roared

73. The boy told his mother ……..

74. Ndeni gave a flawless speech at the party

75. We were all enthusiastic as we awaited the result of the election

76.  Ugo is eligible for the post of secretary

77. Long after everyone the hall, obi still sat inside.

78. choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options. The stressed syllables are written in capital letter(s)

Political